881 Coronation of Charles III "the Fat" as Holy Roman Emperor (881-888)

1111 Uncrowned HRE Henry V kidnaps Pope Paschal II

1429 Battle of Rouray/Battle of the Herrings: Sir John Fastolf's supply column defeats a French ambush

1430 Battle of Serchio: The Visconti defeat the Florentines

1706 Battle of Frauenstadt: 10,000 Swedes rout 20,000 Russians & Saxons in 15 minutes

1762 Admiral Rodney captured Martinique from the French

1771 Accession of Gustav III as King of Sweden (1771-1792), assassinated, inspiring Verdi's "Un Ballo in Maschera".

1806 French invest Gaeta (falls July 18)

1817 Battle of Chacabuco: Chileans defeat Spanish royalists near Santiago

1818 Chile declares independence from Spain

1839 The "Aroostook War" begins: Maine-New Brunswick dispute their common boundary -- settled by Federal and Crown intervention and later treaty

1861 Arkansas state troops seize US arsenal at Napoleon

1862 US Grant begins the siege of Ft Donelson, which surrenders on the 16th after an unsuccessful break out attempt

1874 King Kalakaua of Hawaii becomes the first reigning sovereign to visit the US

1893 Lt. Col. Joseph Joffre and a column of French troops capture Timbuktu

1895 Battle of Weihaiwei: the Japanese defeat the Chinese

1901 Delaware ratifies the XIII Amendment, that abolished slavery in 1865

1912 Sun Yat-sen proclaims a republic in China, forcing Emperor Pu Yi to abdicate

1919 Massacre of Bratislava/Pressburg/Pozsony: German & Hungarian socialists protesting incorporation into Czechoslovakia are fired on by security forces, 9 die

1934 Sporadic fighting breaks out across Austria between Socialist supporters and security forces, initiating a four day "civil war"

1935 USS 'Macon' (ZRS-5) crashes into the Pacific Ocean, only 2 die

1942 Bataan: Fil-Am troops mop up isolated Japanese pockets in their rear

1942 The "Channel Dash": German battleships 'Scharnhorst' & 'Gneisenau', & heavy cruiser 'Prinz Eugen' escape from Brest to Germany

1944 Burma: British begin moving to support the 7th Indian Div

1944 U.S. Marines occupy Umboi Island, west of New Britain.

1945 'Batfish' (SS-310), sinks its 3rd Japanese sub in 4 days ('I-41', 'Ro-112', & 'Ro-113')

1948 1st Lt Nancy Leftenant becomes the first African-American commissioned in the Regular Army Nurse Corps: retires 1965 as major, USAF

1949 Unidentified aircraft bomb Jerusalem

1955 Pres Eisenhower sends US advisors to South Vietnam