49 BC Pompey and his army take ship for Greece from Brindisi, besieged by Caesar

45 BC Battle of Munda: Caesar defeats the last Pompeians, in Spain

180 Commodus becomes sole Roman Emperor (180-193), without having murdered Marcus Aurelius

455 Petronius Maximus becomes Roman Emperor (Mar 17-May 22, 455)

1040 Hardthacanute, King of Denmark, becomes King of England (1040-1042)

1058 Malcolm III Canmore becomes King of Scotland

1229 Excommunicated Emperor Frederick II Hohenstaufen captures Jerusalem

1328 Treaty of Edinburgh: England recognizes Scottish independence

1431 Battle of Arzanello: The Visconti defeat the Florentines

1521 Ferdinand Magellan reaches the Philippines

1526 French King Francis I, released from Spanish captivity, promptly breaks his word, resumes war

1762 First St Partick's Day parade in New York City

1776 British forces evacuate Boston; George Washington orders an extra gill of whiskey to every Irish soldier in the army

1800 HMS 'Queen Charlotte' burns at Livorno, 673 of 829 aboard die

1861 Proclamation of the Kingdom of Italy

1863 Battle of Kelly's Ford, VA

1864 Naval battle of Jasmond Sound: the Danes defeat the Prussians

1876 Gen Crook raids Cheyenne & Oglala-Sioux Indian camps

1886 Carrollton Massacre, 20 blacks killed in Mississippi

1913 Franklin D. Roosevelt is appointed Assistant Secretary of the Navy (1913-1921)

1917 Tsar Nicholas II of Russia abdicates the throne (1894-1917), murdered 1918

1931 Stalin throws Lenin's wife Krupskaya out of the Central Committee

1932 German police raid Hitler's headquarters

1942 Belzec Concentration Camp opens

1942 MacArthur flies from Mindanao to Australia in a B-17.

1944 Admiralty Is: 1st Cav Div captures Lorengau airfield, Manus

1945 B-29s raid Kobe, c. 15,000 casualties.

1959 Dalai Lama flees Tibet for India

1966 US mini-sub locates a missing H-bomb in the Mediterranean off Palomares, Spain

1969 Golda Meir becomes Israeli PM (1969-1974)

1992 Arab terrorists bomb the Israeli embassy in Buenos Aries, 28 die, 300 injured