375 Proclamation of Flavius Valentinianus, age 4, as Roman Co-Emperor Valentinian II (375-392), in succession to his father Valentinian I

845 Battle of Ballon: Duke Nomenoe of Brittany defeats the French

1221 Pope Honorius III crowns Frederik II Hohenstaufen Holy Roman Emperor

1307 Pope Clement V condemns the Templars and instructs Christian monarchs in Europe to arrest them and seize their assets.

1497 Vasco da Gama (28) leaves Lisbon with four ships, bound for India

1629 Imperial troops capture Goito from Venice

1798 The Neapolitan Army invades the French puppet "Roman Republic"

1812 Battle of Wild Cat Creek: US troops and militiamen defeated by the Kickapoo, Winnebago, & Shawnee in Indiana

1844 The Royal Navy adopts "port" in lieu of "larboard"

1869 Launch of the 'Cutty Sark,' in Dumbarton, Scotland, now the last clipper ship in existence

1906 Enlisted men of USS 'Louisiana' (BB-19) host "Comrade and Shipmate" Theodore Roosevelt

1910 Revolt of the Lash: A mutiny protesting brutal treatment, breaks out aboard the Brazilian battleships 'Minas Geraes' and 'São Paulo' and the cruiser 'Bahia', in Rio harbour; resolved by reforms within a week

1914 Ypres burns under German bombardment

1940 First meeting between Adolf Hitler and Romanian Dictator Ion Antonescu

1940 Battle of Korytsa: Italian invaders are forced back into Albania by Greek counterattacks

1943 The Cairo Conference: FDR, Churchill, & Chiang meet to discuss ways to defeat Japan

1943 Operation Galvanic: on Makin, 27th Div advances slowly, while on Tarawa, the Marines defeat a nocturnal Japanese "Banzai" charge

1990 Pres. George H. W. Bush visits US troops in Saudi Arabia